Money Wealth

The General Principles provide guidance on how items of work are classified, described, and measured in the BOQ. They ensure consistency, fairness, and clarity between clients, consultants, and contractors. 1.…

The definitions in CESMM4 are crucial because they set the basis for how work items are understood, classified, described, and measured. Without clear definitions, ambiguities arise in the Bill of…

RMC Basics 1. Density of RMC = 2400 kg/m³ (same as RCC).2. 1 Transit Mixer capacity = 6–7 m³ of RMC.3. 1 m³ RMC (M20) = ~320 kg cement, 160…

General Steel Estimation 1. Steel requirement for RCC works (general):For residential buildings, steel consumption ≈ 2.5–3.5% of concrete volume. For commercial/high-rise ≈ 4–5%. This helps in preliminary BOQ estimation. 2.…

Concrete Mix & Volumes Dry volume of concrete = Wet volume × 1.54. 1 Bag cement = 0.035 m³ (1.25 cu.ft). 1 m³ M20 = 8 bags cement. 1 m³…

1. Professional Experience & Role Q: With Many years of experience, what has been your most challenging project?A: A high-rise mixed-use project with multiple subcontractors. The challenge was handling variations…

Part No.ScopeUnit of MeasurementClassificationSpecial Notes1Earthwork (excavation, filling, banking, etc.)m³, m², m, tonneType (excavation/filling), Soil/Rock, Lead/Lift, DewateringTimbering/shoring included; Deduction for pits >0.5 m²2Concrete Work (plain/reinforced)m³, m²Mix type, Thickness, Reinforcement inclusionCentring/shuttering included…

Scope:Covers demolition and dismantling of buildings and structures. Unit of Measurement: m³ → volume of demolished masonry, concrete. m² → dismantling finishes, flooring, roofing. No. → fixtures, doors, windows, sanitary…

Scope:Covers aluminium, glass, ACP, stone cladding systems. Unit of Measurement: m² → area of glazing or cladding. kg/tonnes → steel/aluminium sections if specified. Classification: By material: Glass, ACP, stone, ceramic…

Scope:Deals with plantation, gardening, and horticultural works. Unit of Measurement: m² → lawn, flower beds. No. → trees, shrubs. Classification: By species of plants. By size/age of plants. Special Notes:…